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.corporate intranets, where organization,269Copyright © 2000 SYBEX Inc., Alameda, CA.www.sybex.com 2461book Page 270 Thursday, May 4, 2000 11:59 AMnewsreaderstructure, and subject matter are decided by NHRP See Next Hop Resolutionthe system administrator.Protocol.See also newsreader; Usenet.NIAS See NetWare Internet AccessServer.newsreader An application used to readNIC See network interface card.articles posted to Usenet newsgroups.Newsreaders are of two kinds:NII See National InformationThreaded newsreaders group the postsInfrastructure.into threads of related articles.NIS See Network Information Service.Unthreaded newsreaders present articlesNLM See NetWare Loadable Module.in their original order of posting withoutregard for the subject.NLS See NetWare Licensing Services.Of the two, threaded newsreaders areNLSP See NetWare Link Servicesmuch easier to use.Protocol.See also newsgroup; thread; Usenet.NMP See Network ManagementNew Technology File System Abbre- Protocol.viated NTFS; sometimes NT File System.NMVT See Network Management Vec-The native file system used by Microsofttor Transport.Windows NT, which supports long file-names, reduced file fragmentation, im-NNTP See Network News Transferproved fault tolerance, increased systemProtocol.security, and much better recovery after anode Any device attached to the networksystem crash.capable of communicating with other net-NEXT See near-end crosstalk.work devices.In Novell NetWare docu-mentation, a workstation is often called aNext Hop Resolution Protocol Abbre-node.viated NHRP.An Internet name resolutionprotocol designed to route IP datagramsnode number The number that uniquelyacross nonbroadcast multiple access net- identifies a network interface card and dis-works such as Asynchronous Transfertinguishes it from all others.Mode (ATM), frame relay, Switched Mul-Node numbers can be assigned in differenttimegabit Data Service (SMDS), and X.25.ways.Ethernet node numbers are factory-See also Asynchronous Transfer Mode ; IP set, so no two Ethernet boards have theover ATM; IP switching.same number.On other network interfacecards, node numbers are set by jumpers orNFS See Network File System.switches.270Copyright © 2000 SYBEX Inc., Alameda, CA.www.sybex.com 2461book Page 271 Thursday, May 4, 2000 11:59 AMNovell Application Launchernoise In communications, extraneous nonvolatile memory Any form of mem-signals on a transmission channel that de- ory that holds its contents when the powergrade the quality or performance of the is removed.ROM (read-only memory),channel.Noise is often caused by interfer- EPROM (erasable programmable read-ence from nearby power lines, electrical only memory), and EEPROM (electricallyerasable programmable read-only memory)equipment, or spikes in the AC line voltage.are all forms of nonvolatile memory.See also crosstalk; far-end crosstalk; near-end crosstalk.no parity See parity.NOS See network operating system.nominal velocity of propagation Thespeed at which a signal moves through anotebook computer A small, portablecable, expressed as a percentage or fractioncomputer, about the size of a computerof the speed of light in a vacuum.Somebook, with a flat screen and a keyboard thatcable testers use this speed, along with thefold together.time it takes for a signal to return to the test-A notebook computer is lighter and smallering device, to calculate cable lengths.than a laptop computer.Recent advances innondedicated server A server uponbattery technology allow them to run forwhich applications are available, while net-many hours between charges.Some modelswork management software runs in theuse flash memory rather than conventionalbackground.Nondedicated servers arehard disks for program and data storage;common in peer-to-peer networks.other models offer a range of business ap-plications in ROM.Many offer PCMCIAnon-preemptive multitasking Anyexpansion connections for additionalform of multitasking in which the operatingperipheral devices, such as modems, faxsystem cannot preempt a running task andmodems, and network connections.move to the next task in the queue.See also laptop computer; PC MemoryPrograms are easy to write for this environ-Card International Association.ment; however, a single badly written pro-gram can take over the whole system.ByNovell Application Launcher In Nov-refusing to relinquish the processor, such aell NetWare, a utility used with applica-program can cause serious problems fortions for NetWare clients.other programs running at the same time.The NetWare administrator decides whichPoorly written non-preemptive multitask-applications are appropriate and creates aning can produce a kind of stuttering effecticon group for the users; additional startupon running applications, depending on howand shutdown scripts can be used to addthe programs behave.more application control.Novell Applica-See also preemptive multitasking; time- tion Launcher uses the Universal Namingslice multitasking.Convention (UNC) for ease and clarity.271Copyright © 2000 SYBEX Inc., Alameda, CA.www.sybex.com 2461book Page 272 Thursday, May 4, 2000 11:59 AMNovell Authorized Education CenterSee also Universal Naming Convention.other platforms, including Microsoft Win-dows NT.Novell Authorized Education CenterNDS uses a distributed database known asAbbreviated NAEC.A private organizationthe NetWare Directory Database (NDD) tothat provides Novell-approved trainingkeep track of all network objects, includingcourses.servers, users, groups, printers, and otherSee also NEAP.networked resources [ Pobierz caÅ‚ość w formacie PDF ]

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