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.Stanley, Southern Partisan Changes: Dealignment, Realignment, orBoth? Journal of Politics 50 (February 1988): 64 88.2.Paul A.Beck and Paul Lopatto, The End of Southern Distinctiveness, in Con-temporary Southern Political Attitudes and Behavior, ed.Laurence W.Moreland,Ted A.Baker, and Robert P.Steed (New York: Praeger, 1982), 160 82; Kielhorn, Party Development, 111 12.[407], (25)3.Arkansas senatorial polls conducted throughout 1984 for Sen.David Pryor andgraciously shared with Diane Blair; Bill Peterson, To Southern White Youth,Reagan Heads the Class, Washington Post, 23 May 1986.According to a surveyLines: 584 toof students conducted by Michael Reynolds (University of Arkansas, 1984, typescript), 80 percent of the sorority women but only 59 percent of the non-0.0pt PgVGreeks supported Reagan.For reporting and analyses of the 1996 and 2000 exit poll results see Barth, Arkansas: The Last Hurrah for a Native Son, 139Normal Page42; and Barth, Parry, and Shields, Arkansas: Non-Stop Action in Post-ClintonPgEnds: TEXArkansas, 142 46.For party identification data, see the 1999 2002 annualreports of the Arkansas Poll, the University of Arkansas.(Data on party activistsfrom the 2001 Southern Grassroots Party Activists survey is discussed later in[407], (25)this chapter.)4.For the scorecards given by major interest and ideological groups to thecongressional delegation, see the biennial publication by Michael Barone andGrant Ujifusa, Almanac of American Politics (Washington dc: National Journal).See also Ernest Dumas, Democrats: Their Style Is Changing, Arkansas Gazette,30 May 1982; and Black and Black, The Rise of Southern Republicanism, 82 83.5.Richard Earl Griffin, Arkansas Gazette, 29 October 1982; What Robinson Said, Arkansas Democrat, 29 July 1989.6.Key, Southern Politics, 280; Jay Barth, The Impact of Election Timing ofRepublican Trickle-Down in the South, in Southern Parties and Elections:Studies in Regional Political Change, ed.Robert Steed, Laurence Moreland,and Tod Baker (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1997).7.William D.Schreckhise, JanineA.Parry, and Todd G.Shields, Rising Republicanin Arkansas s Electorate? A Characterization of Arkansans Political Attitudesand Participation Rates (paper presented at the annual meeting of the ArkansasPolitical Science Association, Little Rock, Arkansas, February 2000). 408 Notes to Pages 100 1048.Author s (Jay Barth) interviews with Clinton campaign manager Gloria Cabe,16 September 1996, and with Republican political director Richard Bearden, 20August 1996.9.For additional examples and analysis, see Blair, Arkansas (1984), 182 207.10.Survey results from the Southern Grassroots Party Activists survey, discussedmore fully later in this chapter; Wekkin, Arkansas: Electoral Competition, 197 99.11.Dewey Grantham, The Democratic South (Athens: University of Georgia Press,1963); William C.Havard, The South,AShifting Perspective, in Changing Pol-itics, 3 36; V.O.Key Jr., Public Opinion and American Democracy (New York:Knopf, 1967), 101 105.For contemporary findings of southern liberalism, atleast on economic issues, see chapters by Jerry Perkins, by Robert Botsch, and[408], (26)by Earl W.Hawkey, in Contemporary Southern Political Attitudes and Behavior;and Michael L.Mezey, The Minds of the South, in Religion and Politics in theSouth, ed.Tod A.Baker, Robert P.Steed, and Laurence W.Moreland (New York:Lines: 601Praeger, 1983), 5 26. 12.William S.Maddox and Stuart A.Lilie, Beyond Liberal and Conservative:0.0pt PgReassessing the Political Spectrum (Washington dc: Cato Institute, 1984). 13.Maddox and Lilie, Beyond Liberal and Conservative, 68, 87, 96.In their Ide-Normal Paological Orientations and State Issue Responses: Are They Related? (paperPgEnds: TEpresented at annual meeting of the Southern Political Science Association, At-lanta, October 1982), Robert L.Savage and Diane D.Blair used this fourfoldtypology in categorizing results from a survey conducted by the University of[408], (26)Arkansas Household Research Panel.Respondents, however, were somewhatwealthier and considerably better educated than Arkansans generally.For themore recent analysis, see William D.Schreckhise, Janine A.Parry, and Todd G.Shields, Rising Republicanism in the Arkansas Electorate? A Characterizationof Arkansans Political Attitudes and Participation Rates, Midsouth PoliticalScience Review (2001) 5: 5 19.14.Table 1 in Paul Brace, Kellie Sims-Butler, KevinArceneaux, and Martin Johnson, Public Opinion in theAmerican States: New Perspectives Using National SurveyData, American Journal of Political Science 46 (2002): 173 89.15.John Brummett, Mike Huckabee s Good Side, Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, 8June 2000; Mike Huckabee, speech delivered at the University of Arkansas, 14February 1996.16.Sarah McCally Morehouse, State Politics, Parties, and Policy (New York: Holt,Rinehart and Winston, 1981), 71.17.In both 1983 and 1985, bills requiring voters to register their party affiliationswere defeated in the state legislature.On two previous occasions when party Notes to Pages 105 109 409registration bills passed, they were vetoed, by Governor Faubus in 1959 and byGovernor Rockefeller in 1969
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